they bless those who ‘give body and soul to Bacchus’ (p.Chorus as Dionysos-worshippers, calling audience to join in:.Tiresias on Dionysos: ‘his future power throughout Greece will be vast’ (p.National Theatre of Scotland production:.Suggestion that chorus are drumming (p.Chorus equate dancing with music, wine and joy / ekstasis.Music is the most Dionysian of the arts, according to Nietzsche.‘We are humiliated / when we let women act like this’ (p.
Only women induced to madness in the play.Bacchae as representatives of unrestrained femininity (compare Furies/Clytemnestra)?.Tiresias shows appropriate balance of Apollonian and Dionysian? He is Apollo’s prophet, but worships Dionysos equally….Chorus: ‘A reckless mouth and a mad / defiant mind / ruin a man – / but restraint and good sense / protect him’ (p.Pentheus draws attention to choice between order and chaos: ‘When I come out, I’ll either be fighting, or I’ll put myself in your hands.’ (p.Dionysos’ tucking back of Pentheus’ curls later.Pentheus’ descriptions of Dionysos: ‘the stranger with the girlish body’ (p.Nietzsche describes Euripides as ‘a poet who fought throughout his long life against Dionysus with heroic force – only to conclude his life with a glorification of his opponent…’.Dionysian: wildness, irrationality, intoxication, loss of self, animalism, sexuality, lust, cruelty.Apollonian: form, structure, control, rational thought, reason, beauty, protection from the Dionysian.From Friedrich Nietzsche, The Birth of Tragedy (1872).At one point, all on stage hold it (Chorus, Tiresias, Kadmos) – Pentheus is the only one without.‘Guard the violence in your green wand, / respect its holy power’ (p.‘armed them all with my green fennel wand – in battle it’s an ivied spear’ (p.‘so strange, so horrible’, ‘great holy cry’, ‘eerie’, monstrous, miraculous, graphic violence.‘barbarian joy’, ‘battle’, ‘suffer’, revenge.Coined by French ethnologist Lucien Lévy-Bruhl and made famous by Jung, this term describes a state of mind in which no differentiation is made between the self and things outside the self.‘I’ll run them / wild with ecstasy!’ (p.Surrender of self: ekstasis (‘standing outside of ourselves’).
Oreibasia (nighttime mountain dancing, drinking).Tiresias says it ‘stops grief’: ‘How else could we ease the ache of living?’ (p.Representation of wildness, irrationality, impulse?.Half human (‘My daughter had a son who’s now a god’, p.
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